Gastroscopy
The procedure called gastroscopy involves the placing of an endoscope (a small flexible tube with a camera and light) into the stomach and duodenum to search for abnormalities. Tissue samples may be obtained to check for H. pylori bacteria, a cause of many peptic ulcers. An actively bleeding ulcer may also be cauterized (blood vessels are sealed with a burning tool) during a gastroscopy procedure.
Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy is an outpatient procedure in which the inside of the large intestine (colon and rectum) is examined. A colonoscopy is commonly used to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms, such as rectal and intestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits. Colonoscopies are also performed in individuals without symptoms to check for colorectal polyps or cancer. A screening colonoscopy is recommended for anyone 50 years of age and older, and for anyone with parents, siblings or children with a history of colorectal cancer or polyps.
ERCP
ERCP or Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography is a technique in which the gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreatic ducts are injected with x-ray dye and x-ray pictures are taken. When these x-ray pictures show stones or obstructions, they can often be treated during the same ERCP examination. Thus, ERCP is a useful method for both diagnosis and treatment, but it is complex and can result in complications. It is important to understand exactly what is being proposed, the potential benefits and risks, and alternative methods which might be used.
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